Wulfhere 1 (Male) King of the Mercians, 659-675
e vii-l viii

Wilfrid 2.episcopal consecration: When Wilfrid 2 discovered that Chad 1 had been appointed to his see, her retired to Ripon for three years, acting as a priest. He was often called in by Wulfhere 1 king of the Mercians, who gave him a site called Lichfield on which to build a cathedral or a monastery. He was honoured with equal generosity by Ecgberht 3 king of Kent; and when Ecgberht 3 summoned him there Wilfrid 2 advanced many of his subjects up the grades of church preferment. One was Putta 1, whom he made a priest (later Theodore 1 promoted him to be bishop of Rochester). When Theodore 1 arrived to England, he saw that the canons had been flouted, and he degraded Chad 1, whose long-suffering touched Wilfrid 2's heard; by his help, Chad 1 was advanced for a second time though all the degrees and installed as bishop of Lichfield. At York Wilfrid 2 repaired and rebuilt a church built long ago by King Edwin 2; he also had a church built in Ripon. To its consecration were invited the brother kings Ecgfrith 4 and Ælfwine 4. For their father Oswiu 1 had died meanwhile, and it was they who endowed the place with vast estates.: WilliamofMalmesbury.GestaPontificumAnglorum iii.100.19-23

Appointment/consecration/elevation/ordination of bishop (3)

Chad 1.episcopal installation at Lichfield: After being deposed from York, Chad 1 was ordained through all the ecclesiastical degrees as bishop of Lichfield.: Stephen.VitWilfridi 15

Æthelwalh 1.baptism: Æthelwalh 1 had been baptised in Mercia on the persuasion of King Wulfhere 1, and had given kindly hospitality to the blessed Wilfrid 2 when in exile from the see, even honouring him with a bishopric at a place called Selsey. When [Æthelwalh 1] was killed, Wilfrid 2 went back home, though not before building a monastery at Selsey.: WilliamofMalmesbury.GestaPontificumAnglorum ii.96.1-2

Appointment/consecration/elevation/ordination of king (1)

Wulfhere 1.accession to kingdom of Mercians: Here Wulfhere 1 acceded to the kingdom of the Mercians.: ASC 657 ACG, <657> B, 656 EF(OE and Lat.) (658)

Appointment/consecration/elevation/ordination of priest (1)

Assembly (1)

Deusdedit 1.consecration of mynster: Deusdedit 1 consecrated the mynster [at Medeshamstede] in the presence of various people.: ASC (E) 656 E

Baptism (1)

Battle (6)

Cenwealh 2.fighting at Posentesbyrg: Cenwealh 2 again waged war near the town called Posentesburh and led Wulfhere 1 captive to Ashdown, having conquered his army (Anonymi 2431).: Æthelweard.Chron ii.7 (658)

Ecgfrith 4.defeat of Wulfhere 1: King Ecgfrith 4 fought against the king of the Mercians, Wulfhere 1 son of Penda 1, and having cut down [his] army he [Ecgfrith 4] vanquished him and put him to flight with only one small boy [Anonymous 10131] accompanying [him]. Ecgfrith 4 obtained this though the aid of St Wilfrid 2, who was with him, but especially through the prayers of St Cuthbert 1, who was absent.: Symeonof Durham.HistoriadeSanctoCuthberto 7 (670 x 675)

Ecgfrith 4.defeat of Wulfhere 1's southern coalition: Ecgfrith 4 defeated Wulfhere 1 and his forces (Anonymi 323).: Stephen.VitWilfridi 20 (670 x 675)

Ecgfrith 4.successful battles: King Ecgfrith 4 expanded his kingdom into the territory of the Picts, and maintained it against the Mercians. For the Picts [Anonymi 321], on the death of king Oswiu 1, made light of the infant reign, and they combined in an unprovoked attack on the Northumbrians. Accompanied by the sub-king Beornhæth 1, the royal youth [Ecgfrith 4] went to meet them and with his small force annihilated them completely. Wulfhere 1 too, king of the Mercians, led an army [Anonymi 323] against the Northumbrians, recalling with resentment how they had killed his father [Penda 1]. But fortune did not favour him - hardly more that it had favoured his father; but he did live to turn tail in shameful retreat. Not many days later he died, part of his lands passing to the king of the Northumbrians. As a result of these successes, Wilfrid 2's estates were enlarged, and churches established with many monks.: WilliamofMalmesbury.GestaPontificumAnglorum iii.100.28-30 (670 x 675)

Wulfhere 1-Æscwine 2.fighting Biedanheafod: Here Wulfhere 1 and Æscwine 2 fought at Biedanheafde.: ASC 675 ACEG (675)

Wulfhere 1.war with Cenwealh 2 [= Æscwine 2]: Wulfhere 1 began mutual war with Cenwealh 2 [= Æscwine 2] at Bedanheafod.: Æthelweard.Chron ii.8 (675)

Book circulating/making/reading/translating/writing (1)

Æthelwold 1.discovery of writings by Headda 6: [Æthelwold 1] found in the old wall writings that Headda 6 had composed earlier about Wulfhere 1 and Æthelred 2 and the freedom of [Medeshamstead].: ASC (DEF) 963 E

Capture (1)

Charter confirmation (1)

Wulfhere 1.S1165 confirming grants to Eorcenwald 1 and Chertsey, St Peter's 1: Wulfhere 1, king of the Mercians, confirming: Frithuwald 4, subregulus of Surrey, to Eorcenwald 1 and to Chertsey, St Peter's 1; grant of 200 (or 300) hides (manentes) at Chertsey and 5 at Thorpe, with 10 hides (manentes) by the port of London. The property comprises land at Chertsey, Thorpe, Egham, Getinges (cf. Eaton Farm, Chobham), Molesey, Woodham in Chertsey and Hunewaldesham (lost) in Weybridge, Surrey.: S1165

Charter-witnessing (5)

S1168 - Wigheard 3 granting land to Beorngyth 1: Wigheard 3 to Abbess Beorngyth 1; grant of 40 hides (manentes) at Slæpi (Islip, Oxon): S1168 (681)

S1181 - Frithuwold & Eorcenwald 1 granting land to Chertsey 1: Frithuwald 4, subregulus of Surrey, and Eorcenwald 1, to Chertsey 1 Minster; grant of land in Surrey, Hants & Berks: S1181 (675 x 693)

S228 - Cenwealh 2 granting privileges to Sherborne 1: Cenwealh 2, king, to the see of Sherborne 1; grant of exemption from secular dues: S228 (671)

S67 - Wulfhere 1 granting land to Beorhtfrith 2: Wulfhere 1, king of Mercians, to Beorhtfrith 2, his kinsman; grant of 5 hides (manentes) at Dillington, Hunts., in return for 30 mancuses of gold: S67 (674)

S68 - Wulfhere 1 confirmation and granting of land St Peter's, Medeshamstede 1: Wulfhere 1, king of Mercians, to St Peter's Minster, Medeshamstede 1; confirmation and grant of land at many places: S68 (664)

Church-adornment (1)

Wulfhere 1.making Medeshamstede rich: Wulfhere 1 made Medeshamstede very rich in estates and ornaments, through the intermediacy of Seaxwulf 1, the first abbot and founder of the place and afterwards Bishop of the Mercians.: Anon.LiberEliensis I.17

Church/monastery/minster foundation/dedication/restoration (4)

Deusdedit 1.consecration of mynster: Deusdedit 1 consecrated the mynster [at Medeshamstede] in the presence of various people.: ASC (E) 656 E

Wulfhere 1-Æthelred 2.construction of Medeshamstead: Wulfhere 1 and Æthelred 2 freed [Medeshamstead] from the king, the bishop and secular service.: ASC (DEF) 963 E

Confirmation of land/privileges (4)

Wulfhere 1.S69 confirming grants of Frithuwald 3 to St Peter's, Chertsey: Wulfhere 1, king of the Mercians, to the church of St Peter, Chertsey; confirmation of grants of land by Frithuwald 3, subregulus, and Eorcenwald 1: S69 (666 x 675)

Wulfhere 1.granting land to and confirming lands of St Peter's, Medeshamstede S68: Wulfhere 1, king of the Mercians and the inland and South Angles, to St Peter's, Medeshamstede; confirmation and grant of many estates: S68 (664)

Conquest (2)

Ecgfrith 4.defeat of Wulfhere 1: Ecgfrith 4 defeated Wulfhere 1 and conquered the kingdom of Lindsey.: Bede.HE iv.12 (673 x 675)

Conversion (1)

Eoppa 3.bringing of Christianity to Anonymi 806: Eoppa 3 first brought Christianity to the dwellers on the Isle of Wight (Anonymi 806).: ASC 661 ACEG, <661> B (661)

Correspondence (1)

Æthelred 2.communications with Agatho 2: Æthelred 2 made known to Agatho 2 in writing and orally about Medeshamstede.: ASC (E) 675 E (p. 35)

Death/dying (3)

Wulfhere 1.death: Wulfhere 1 died.: Anon.LiberEliensis I.17

Deposition of bishop (2)

Chad 1.episcopal installation at Lichfield: After being deposed from York, Chad 1 was ordained through all the ecclesiastical degrees as bishop of Lichfield.: Stephen.VitWilfridi 15

Episcopal see, acquisition/institution/division/merge (2)

Wine 1.acquisition of London see: After being expelled by Cenwealh 2, Wine 1 took refuge with Wulfhere 1 and bought from him the see of London.: Bede.HE iii.7

Wine 1.changing bishoprics: Wine 1 usurped the bishopric of Winchester, but, having been replaced by Agilbert 1, found refuge with Wulfhere 1 king of the Mercians, from whom he bought the bishopric of London, spending the rest of his life there.: WilliamofMalmesbury.GestaPontificumAnglorum ii.75.8

Exile (1)

Flight (2)

Freeing from dues (2)

S228 - Cenwealh 2 granting privileges to Sherborne 1: Cenwealh 2, king, to the see of Sherborne 1; grant of exemption from secular dues: S228 (671)

Wulfhere 1-Æthelred 2.construction of Medeshamstead: Wulfhere 1 and Æthelred 2 freed [Medeshamstead] from the king, the bishop and secular service.: ASC (DEF) 963 E

Godparenting (1)

Æthelwalh 1.baptism: Wulfhere 1 received Æthelwalh 1 [as godson] at baptism.: ASC 661 ACEG, <661> B (661)

Grant and Gift (16)

S1168 - Wigheard 3 granting land to Beorngyth 1: Wigheard 3 to Abbess Beorngyth 1; grant of 40 hides (manentes) at Slæpi (Islip, Oxon): S1168 (681)

S228 - Cenwealh 2 granting privileges to Sherborne 1: Cenwealh 2, king, to the see of Sherborne 1; grant of exemption from secular dues: S228 (671)

Wulfhere 1-Æthelred 2.S787 granting privileges to Peterborough 1: The kings Wulfhere 1 and Æthelred 2 granted privileges to Peterborough 1.: S787

Wulfhere 1.granting a place at Lichfield to Wilfrid 2: Place at Lichfield: Stephen.VitWilfridi 15

Wulfhere 1.granting land to Chad 1: 50 hides of land to build a monastery: Bede.HE iv.3

Wulfhere 1.granting land to Colman 3: Wulfhere 1, king of Mercia, to Colman 3, abbot; grant of land at Hanbury, Worcs..: S1822 (657 x 674)

Wulfhere 1.granting land to Eorcenwald 1 S1246: Wulfhere 1, king, to Eorcenwald 1, bishop; grant of 1 hide (mansa) iuxta London: S1246 ( x 688)

Wulfhere 1.granting land to Æthelwalh 1: Two provinces : the Isle of Wight and the province of the Meonware: Bede.HE iv.13

Wulfhere 1.granting of Anonymi 806 to Æthelwalh 1: Wulfhere 1 gave the dwellers on the Isle of Wight (Anonymi 806) to Æthelwalh 1.: ASC 661 ACEG, <661> B (661)

Wulfhere 1.sale of land to Beorhtfrith 2 S67: Wulfhere 1, king of Mercians, to Beorhtfrith 2, his kinsman; grant of 5 hides (manentes) at Dillington, Hunts., in return for 30 mancuses of gold: S67 (674)

Wulfhere 1.support for Medeshamstede: Wulfhere 1 loved [Medeshamstede] greatly out of love for Penda 1 and others.: ASC (E) 656 E

Hiding/harbouring/sanctuary (1)

Oswiu 1.Mercian rebellion against: In the fourth year [after Winwæd], the leaders of the Mercians rebelled against Oswiu 1. They set up Wulfhere 1, son of Penda 1, as king, having kept him in hiding.: Anon.LiberEliensis I.7 (658)

Hospitality (2)

Wine 1.acquisition of London see: After being expelled by Cenwealh 2, Wine 1 took refuge with Wulfhere 1 and bought from him the see of London.: Bede.HE iii.7

Intercession/mediation (1)

Journey (1)

Seaxwulf 1.journey to Wulfhere 1: [Seaxwulf 1] did so [sc. came to Wulfhere 1].: ASC (E) 656 E

Killing/murder (2)

Kingdom - accession to (1)

Wulfhere 1.accession to kingdom of Mercians: Here Wulfhere 1 acceded to the kingdom of the Mercians.: ASC 657 ACG, <657> B, 656 EF(OE and Lat.) (658)

Marriage (1)

Eormenhild 1.marriage to Wulfhere 1: Eormenhild 1, daughter of Eorcenberht 1 and Seaxburg 1, was given in marriage to Wulfhere 1, son of king Penda 1 of Mercia.: RestingPlaces 22

Mission/mission-sending (2)

Eoppa 3.bringing of Christianity to Anonymi 806: Eoppa 3 first brought Christianity to the dwellers on the Isle of Wight (Anonymi 806).: ASC 661 ACEG, <661> B (661)

Jarumann 1.mission to the East Saxons: When Wulfhere 1 found out that part of the kingdom of the East Saxons had apostatized from the faith, he sent Jarumann 1 to correct their error.: Bede.HE iii.30

Pagan practice (1)

Jarumann 1.mission to the East Saxons: When Wulfhere 1 found out that part of the kingdom of the East Saxons had apostatized from the faith, he sent Jarumann 1 to correct their error.: Bede.HE iii.30

Pastoral activities/preaching (1)

Wilfrid 2.actions while deposed from see of York: Wilfrid 2 returned to his duties as abbot of Ripon for three years and also performed episcopal duties in Mercia and Kent.: Stephen.VitWilfridi 14

Praying (2)

Wulfhere 1.address to thegns (Anonymi 1315): Wulfhere 1 stood up before all his thegns (Anonymi 1315) and gave thanks to God in a loud voice.: ASC (E) 656 E

Promise (1)

Wulfhere 1.promise to Seaxwulf 1: Wulfhere 1 explained [to Seaxwulf 1] that he would find for him gold, silver, lands, goods and all that was needed for [Medeshamstede].: ASC (E) 656 E

Property-buying/purchasing (2)

Beorhtfrith 2.purchase of land from Wulfhere 1 S67: Wulfhere 1, king of Mercians, to Beorhtfrith 2, his kinsman; grant of 5 hides (manentes) at Dillington, Hunts., in return for 30 mancuses of gold: S67 (674)

Property-exchanging (1)

Raiding (2)

Wulfhere 1.harrying on the Isle of Wight: Wulfhere 1 harried on the Isle of Wight.: ASC 661 ACEG, <661> B (661)

Wulfhere 1.harrying up to Ashdown: Wulfhere 1 harried up to [BC substitute: at; E substitutes: from] Ashdown.: ASC 661 ACEG, <661> B (661)

Rebellion/sedition (2)

Mercian ealdormen.rebellion against Oswiu 1 and Peada 1: The Mercian ealdormen (Immin 1, Eafa 2 and Eadberht 1) rebelled against Oswiu 1 and set up as their king, Wulfhere 1.: Bede.HE iii.24

Request (3)

Wulfhere 1.asking Oswiu 1 for Bishop Chad 1: Wulfhere 1 asked Oswiu 1 to give the Mercians Chad 1.: Bede.HE iv.3

Wulfhere 1.request for Seaxwulf 1 to come to him: [Wulfhere 1] sent for [Seaxwulf 1] to come quickly to him.: ASC (E) 656 E

Wulfhere 1.summons to attend minster consecration: Wulfhere 1 sent to all his people that they should come to him. He appointed the day when the mynster should be consecrated.: ASC (E) 656 E

Residence (1)

Wine 1.acquisition of London see: After being expelled by Cenwealh 2, Wine 1 took refuge with Wulfhere 1 and bought from him the see of London.: Bede.HE iii.7

Restoration to bishopric (1)

Retirement (1)

Speech (1)

Wulfhere 1.address to thegns (Anonymi 1315): Wulfhere 1 stood up before all his thegns (Anonymi 1315) and gave thanks to God in a loud voice.: ASC (E) 656 E

Visit (2)

Seaxwulf 1.journey to Wulfhere 1: [Seaxwulf 1] did so [sc. came to Wulfhere 1].: ASC (E) 656 E

Wulfhere 1.request for Seaxwulf 1 to come to him: [Wulfhere 1] sent for [Seaxwulf 1] to come quickly to him.: ASC (E) 656 E

War (2)